THE FAMILY YOU’VE ALWAYS DREAMED OF
INFERTILITY AND RECURRENT MISCARRIAGES
Infertility also refers to cases where a couple conceives easily but repeatedly experiences pregnancy loss before the fetus becomes viable. In fact, miscarriage during the first trimester is the most common pregnancy complication, and many women will experience at least one spontaneous miscarriage during their reproductive years. While most women will go on to have a normal pregnancy afterward, for some, it becomes a recurrent problem. At fivclinic+, we address these cases by conducting a comprehensive diagnostic study to identify the causes of recurrent miscarriages and recommend the appropriate treatment to help the pregnancy succeed.
PERSONALIZED FERTILITY TREATMENT
Each patient is unique, which is why each treatment at fivclinic+ is individualized. The first step is to determine the source of infertility in the couple and design the most appropriate IVF treatment. Request an appointment without commitment.
WHEN SHOULD AN INFERTILITY STUDY BEGIN FOR RECURRENT MISCARRIAGES?
The probability of miscarriage (involuntary loss of pregnancy within the first 22 weeks) is around 15%. However, if a woman has experienced one miscarriage, the probability increases to 18%, and after two miscarriages, it can rise to 30%, indicating a potential reproductive issue in the parents. The diagnosis of recurrent miscarriage is usually made after three pregnancy losses, but the study often begins after the second loss due to the high likelihood of recurrence.
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES ASSOCIATED OF RECURRENT MISCARRIAGES?
Most miscarriages occur randomly when an embryo receives the incorrect number of chromosomes during fertilization, a genetic issue that typically happens by chance. However, there are other causes associated with recurrent pregnancy loss. Let’s review them:
CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES IN THE EMBRYO
These can be spontaneous (the most common), inherited from the parents (who may carry genetic alterations in their karyotypes), or related to the parents’ age, as the quality of gametes declines and the formation of the fetal karyotype is affected, e.g., a 45-year-old man and a 35-year-old woman.
UTERINE MALFFORMATIONS
Anatomical abnormalities in the female reproductive system, including endometrial infections, can prevent proper embryo implantation.
HEMATOLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES
These may include the presence of antibodies that block implantation, hypercoagulability of maternal blood (placental thrombosis), or abnormal clotting.
IMMUNOLOGICAL OR HORMONAL FACTORS
These include hormonal disorders, infections, or immune system issues.
At fivclinic+, we are committed to a multidisciplinary approach, involving a specialized team that works to clarify the cause of the problem and provide the most effective treatment.
WHAT TESTS ARE INCLUDED IN A STUDY FOR RECURRENT MISCARRIAGE?
The basic infertility study for recurrent miscarriage aims to rule out conditions that are clearly associated with pregnancy loss.
GENETIC TESTING FOR THE COUPLE
– It is important to determine whether either parent is a carrier of a chromosomal abnormality by performing a karyotype analysis (chromosome study) for both partners. However, paternal karyotype abnormalities account for only 3% to 5% of cases.
– If another miscarriage occurs, it is crucial to analyze the genetic makeup of the fetal tissue, as this can provide valuable information about the cause. In over 75% of cases, the miscarriage is due to an abnormal embryo.
HEMATOLOGICAL OR THROMBOPHILIA TESTING IN WOMEN
– A specialized blood test can determine if there is a clotting disorder that could explain the miscarriages, such as the formation of small blood clots. In these cases, treatment with heparin can improve reproductive outcomes.
– For example, antiphospholipid syndrome, which accounts for 10% to 15% of cases, can often be treated with low-dose aspirin and heparin to resolve the issue.
UTERINE EVALUATION
– The uterine cavity can be examined using hysteroscopy, hysterosalpingography, or MRI. However, the gold standard is 3D ultrasound.
– Uterine malformations must be ruled out. In some cases, there may be septa (partitions), fibroids, or polyps that interfere with the uterine cavity, where the baby will grow. In these cases, repairing the uterus or removing fibroids can resolve the issue. T-shaped uteruses, for example, can be treated by enlarging the uterine cavity.
– Endometritis, an infection or inflammation of the endometrium, can also be responsible for recurrent miscarriages.
– The cervix should be examined to determine if it is incompetent, meaning it cannot stay closed during pregnancy. If this is the case, a cervical cerclage or pessary placement might be the solution.
– Sometimes, administering progesterone can be beneficial due to its relaxing and immunomodulatory effects.
AUTOIMMUNE AND HORMONAL EVALUATION
– The immune system may be involved in recurrent miscarriages, as seen in cases of anti-celiac antibodies or blood group incompatibilities.
– Hormonal evaluations are also performed to rule out thyroid disorders.
Fortunately, most abnormalities identified in these studies are treatable. If not, a thorough understanding of the clinical situation allows us to guide the couple toward more specialized studies and alternative therapeutic options.
Close monitoring during the first trimester of pregnancy is crucial, along with progesterone supplementation. If another miscarriage occurs, it is highly advisable to study the fetal karyotype.
INFERTILITY STUDY AND DIAGNOSIS
At fivclínic, the infertility study is carried out in a personalized way in order to individualize the treatment and thus optimize the result. From the first visit, our objective is clear: to achieve pregnancy.
WHY CHOOSE FIVCLÍNIC+?
DISTINGUISHED EXPERIENCE
We offer you access to a team of reproductive medicine specialists with over 30 years of experience. Our commitment to biomedical research and scientific evidence forms the foundation of our clinical excellence, driving innovation that directly benefits patients.
EXCEPTIONAL PREGNANCY RATES
Our success rates are approximately 65% with patients’ own eggs and 80% with donor eggs. Achieving these outcomes involves conducting a thorough fertility study and personalized diagnosis to tailor treatments to each individual case.
PIONEERS IN INNOVATIVE TREATMENTS
As part of Clínic Barcelona, a leading center in research, development, and innovation, we participate in cutting-edge research studies and publish our results in top scientific journals. Our clear objective is to enhance the effectiveness of reproductive techniques.
STATE-OF-THE-ART FACILITIES AND CUTTING-EDGE LABORATORY
We feature the latest technological advancements, such as ICSI and real-time embryo monitoring, allowing you to follow every step of your treatment. We work with the new reproduction laboratory of Clínic Barcelona, which is newly established and equipped with state-of-the-art technology.
PERSONALIZED AND CLOSE ATTENTION = SATISFIED PATIENTS
Every patient is unique, and our team’s involvement reflects that. We guarantee personalized and compassionate care to support you throughout your journey to motherhood, addressing any needs that arise along the way. The patient surveys we’ve conducted over the years affirm the quality of our service and the professionalism of our team. Your time, comfort, and safety are our top priorities, and we strive to meet your expectations with a high level of satisfaction.
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